EffectivenessRobot Arm

Question: Explainthe adequacy of the robot arm. Answer: (David thornton) to build up the adequacy of the robot arm he associated a robot arm to a remote and led a game with kids with a pick and drop a ball in the vessel with the remote control by means of web. In the wake of finishing the analysis, the effectiveness is determined by an advancement sheet and the mistake is diminished by diminishing the speed and expanding the hour of development (ding). After a few programming dialects to control robot in 2004 (chang sei kim, 2004) he built up a PC-based disconnected programming technique utilizing the computer generated experience demonstrating language. The created OLP has various calculations that can be masterminded with TRIBON CAD interface. The benefits of the OLP writing computer programs are powerful programming of robot-order, simple confirmation of recreation and representation of robot programming documentation can be effortlessly sorted out by reenactment models with fitting programming, reuse of existing projects of robots and cost freedom can be proceeded while programming. Furthermore, later on a few mechanical recreations are created like ROBCAD and IGRIP, yet now a days utilizing of CAD frameworks has been fluidly expanded. (vinicius menezes de oliveira)The fundamental part in online control of robot is customizing which is the principle wellspring of working of robot. The diverse programming dialects are (OROCOS) O pen RobotControl programming C++, Robotics4.net on the Microsoft.NET and java. Java language has gotten well known in programming for mechanical robots. (A.Cisternino, 2005)As innovation built up a ton (jiacheng tan, 2005) he completed a few investigates and afterward he coordinated virtual condition and 3d displaying instruments he created VE with various demonstrating methods. After that regardless of programming stage he created arranged robot framework and structured a control board to control the robot. At that point he customized remote robot programming with VE measured strategies and afterward boundary procurement is one of the key issues of picture based demonstrating. This improves boundary obtaining for cuboids, chambers as for work space of robot. (kim)Let us examine about the remote robot control and related issues in which dissemination control, assembling and office the board may effortlessly be directed through a remote robot control and observing framework. It has p oints of interest like minimal effort, simple upkeep and liberated from reality limitation for robot and administrator. Be that as it may, the principle hindrance is time delay in information transmission for the application. Be that as it may, this issue can be corrected by running the program on java stage which we can say can be diminished however can't be amended. (yong ming wang, 2008).Then the new innovation has created by the organization ELKO EP known as RF contact innovation which is remote in which robot can be constrained by remote remotes which are known as RF pilot, RF key. This comprises of RF control framework, RF contact control unit. This unit comprises of 6-channel multifunctional switch, sun-blinds actuator, thermoregulatory head and different finders. It is basically relying upon the gadget programming too. (david kubat, 2011). And afterward ACTA specialized shows created remote control of mechanical robot with teleportation, correspondence and control through we b and visual servo control. (Kamil zidek). With the joint effort of same organization Lola establishment built up a programming on the foundation of L-IRL (Lola Industrial Robot Language) programming language. (maja lutovac, 2012).Programming of robot should be possible disconnected as for work piece coordination framework which is utilized in CAD and CAPE frameworks with reenactment and work piece facilitates. (bozek, 2011). Disconnected programming can likewise be customized additionally by numerical depiction of a robot and furthermore by electromagnetic effectors organizes and with attractive gripper from the appointed points in virtual condition. (bozek c. , 2011). There has been remote checking process for the continuous control and for keeping up a higher profitability and the adaptability in the framework. The time deferral could be handily comprehended through the controlled stream bending with the web time delays and the information bundle misfortune. There have been vario us outcomes which exhibit about the way to deal with handle the e-fabricating condition alongside the application capability of the exploration. The models for the equivalent incorporate the controlled recreation, virtual machining and the administrator preparing for all the continuous observing procedure for control. The controlling of the ABB robots has experienced the introduction of the strategies for the self-governing portable robot where the preparing time is simple for doing the examples. In this, there have been activities which are set to deal with the diverse ordinary techniques into the standard based strategies. The examples have been set to procure the inquiry on the ground where the computational assets take a shot at proper circumstances. The calculation depends on circumstances of the robot condition where there have been constant activity search techniques that have been considered for rolling out the improvements at the hour of procurement with the strategies for speaking to the data. The various activities are investigated by the robots that are required to play out the acknowledgment over the various circumstances and the examples. The methodology depends on working over the pursuit time alongside dealing with the acquisitions which permits to grab hold and utilize the sensors for the robots with the bigger measure of handling that is done according to the prerequisites. The current exploration depends on the circumstances to deal with the obtaining time which is significant for the detecting of the calculation system. There are sensor prepared robots which can give the advantages from utilizing the world model at the hour of handling the choices and the controlling of the crash in the ongoing procedure. The concentration and the portrayal depend on the Computer Aided Robotics which can remotely control the movements and work on the execution of the framework. The paper has the Robot Application Protocol which gives a best interface to the principles of the ABB robot controller. According to the current pattern, there is a need to deal with the item change alongside the customisation and the enhancement of the plans using the new and the better materials of the assembling. This incorporates the documentation with the Remote Controlled Procedural call which depends on the various materials and the strategies. The RAPID writing computer programs is to make the movement on the fly by interfacing with the ongoing examination of the restricted data transmission. The work is basically for the usage of the remote access in the robots where there is a programming and the checking of the focused condition. The examples have been set for the various methodologies where the Matlab tool compartment is significant for the arrangement of the ABB robot with the power or the torque sensor. The paper has been exploring on the quality, usefulness and the restrictions of the circumstances where the robot movements are not constrained t o just the customized parts in the RAPID program. There have been various tasks which are set to grab hold of the frameworks performed through a channel joint weld on a work environment and the direction varies from the first ostensible posture. The arranged investigations incorporate the ADD IRB2400 that has been furnished with the compiler apparatus for the improvement of the correct strategies. With the quick advancement, there have been schedules in the systems, capacities and the snare schedules for the information which are constants, factors and industrious. The highlights are set to hold the normal boundaries with the number-crunching and the consistent articulations, blunder taking care of, program demonstrating and performing various tasks. ABB has been founded on the usefulness which is incorporated into the framework that permits the work on the various bundles and the transmissions. The help is predominantly for the simple access with the perusing of the log records, in put yield and the educating of the analysis of the activities with an arranging creation. The combination of the procedure and the framework depends on the immediate principle processor where there have been associations of the robot to deal with the constant showcase for the associated robots. The immediate fundamental processors access and work on PC record administrator with remote access, with administrator correspondence and PLC the executives. The framework supports of the ABB reports depend on the PLC and the simple to-utilize frameworks with the solid diagnostics. The decrease in the creation with the diminished expenses is for the administration call-outs with the goals of the issues using the ABB. According to the exploration, there have been bargains which identify with the programming of the robot on PC with no specific requirement for the creation which empowers to set up the robot programs with the expansion in the efficiency of the framework. With the usage procedure, there have been administrator administrations where there are applications set for the law of cosines. The applications potential prospects are for the working administrations with the single capacities in the client system and the virtualized mechanical robot which have been appropriate to hold the coordinated circuits. The stepper engine driver changes the lower memory signals with the control of the circuits of the stepper engine. There have been implies which depend on the referenced conveying program with the capacities division between the various periods of the parsing and aggregating. With the on the web and disconnected programming, there has been improvement of nature of the dialects with the compilers for the robot programming. The info has been set for the reproduction of the movements and the arranged treatment of the dynamic clusters with the equal execution of the squares and the other framework factors. This has been characterized and dependent on the c

The Homestead Steel Strike of 1892

The Homestead Steel Strike of 1892 The Homestead Strike, a work stoppageâ at Carnegie Steels plant at Homestead, Pennsylvania, transformed into one of the most vicious scenes in the American work battles of the late 1800s. An arranged control of the plant transformed into a grisly fight when many men from the Pinkerton Detective Agency traded gunfire with laborers and townspeople along the banks of the Monongahela River. In an amazing turn, strikers caught various Pinkertons when the strikebreakers had to give up. The fight on July 6, 1892 finished with a ceasefire, and the arrival of detainees. Be that as it may, the state volunteer army showed up seven days after the fact to settle things for the organization. What's more, after fourteen days a revolutionary offended by the conduct of Henry Clay Frick, the passionately hostile to work administrator of Carnegie Steel, attempted to kill Frick in his office. Despite the fact that shot twice, Frick endure. Other work associations had energized to the resistance of the association at Homestead, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. What's more, for a period popular assessment appeared to agree with the laborers. Be that as it may, the endeavored death of Frick, and the inclusion of a known rebel, was utilized to dishonor the work development. At long last, the administration of Carnegie Steel won. Foundation of the Homestead Plant Labor Problems In 1883 Andrew Carnegieâ bought the Homestead Works, a steel plant in Homestead, Pennsylvania, east of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela River. The plant, which had been centered around delivering steel rails for railways, was changed and modernized under Carnegies proprietorship to create steel plate, which could be utilized for creation of reinforced boats. Carnegie,â known for uncanny business foreknowledge, had gotten perhaps the most extravagant man in America, outperforming the abundance of prior tycoons, for example, John Jacob Astor and Cornelius Vanderbilt. Under Carnegies bearing, the Homestead plant continued extending, and the town of Homestead, which had around 2,000 occupants in 1880, when the plant initially opened, developed to a populace of around 12,000 out of 1892. Around 4,000 laborers were utilized at the steel plant. The association speaking to laborers at the Homestead plant, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, had marked an agreement with Carnegies organization in 1889. The agreement was set to lapse on July 1, 1892. Carnegie, and particularly his colleague Henry Clay Frick, needed to break the association. There has consistently been considerableâ dispute about the amount Carnegie knew about the heartless strategies Frick intended to utilize. At the hour of the 1892 strike, Carnegie was at a rich bequest he possessed in Scotland. Yet, it appears, in light of letters the men traded, that Carnegie was completely mindful of Fricks strategies. The Beginning of the Homestead Strike In 1891 Carnegie started to consider lessening compensation at the Homestead plant, and when his organization held gatherings with the Amalgamated association in the spring of 1892 the organization educated the association that it would be cutting wages at the plant. Carnegie likewise composed a letter, before he left for Scotland in April 1892, which demonstrated that he proposed to make Homestead a non-association plant. In late May, Henry Clay Frick trained the organization moderators to educate the association that wages were being diminished. The association would not acknowledge the proposition, which the organization said was non-debatable. In late June 1892, Frick had open notification posted inâ the town of Homestead illuminating endorsers that since the association had dismissed the companys offer, the organization would have nothing to do with the association. Also, to additionally incite the association, Frick started development of what was being called Fort Frick. Tall wall were developed around the plant, bested with spiked metal. The plan of the blockades and spiked metal was self-evident: Frick planned to bolt out the association and get scabs, non-association laborers. The Pinkertons Attempted to Invade Homestead The evening of July 5, 1892, around 300 Pinkerton operators showed up in western Pennsylvania via train and boarded two freight boats which had been loaded with several guns and rifles just as outfits. The canal boats were towed onâ the Monongahela River to Homestead, where Frick expected the Pinkertonsâ could land undetected in the night. Posts saw the freight boats coming and alarmed the laborers in Homestead, who hustled to the riverbank. At the point when the Pinkertons attempted to land at day break, many townspeople, some of them equipped with weapons going back to the Civil War, were pausing. It was never figured out who discharged the principal fired, however a weapon fight broke out. Men were slaughtered and injured on the two sides, and the Pinkertons were nailed down on the canal boats, with no way out conceivable. For the duration of the day of July 6, 1892, townspeople of Homestead attempted to assault the freight boats, in any event, siphoning oil into the waterway trying to set flames on the water. At long last, late toward the evening, a portion of the association heads persuaded the townspeople to allow the Pinkertons to give up. As the Pinkertons left the freight boats to stroll to a neighborhood show house, where they would be held until the nearby sheriff could come and capture them, townspeople tossed blocks at them. Some Pinkertons were beaten. The sheriff showed up that night and evacuated the Pinkertons, however none of them were captured or prosecuted for homicide, as the townspeople had requested. Papers had been covering the emergency for a considerable length of time, however the updates on the viciousness caused a buzz when it moved rapidly over the message wires. Paper releases were surged out with surprising records of the encounter. The New York Evening World distributed an uncommon additional release with the feature: AT WAR: Pinkertons and Workers Fight at Homestead. Six steelworkers had been killed in the battling, and would be covered in the next days. As the individuals in Homestead held burial services, Henry Clay Frick, in a paper meet, reported that he would have no dealings with the association. Henry Clay Frick Was Shot After a month, Henry Clay Frick was in his office in Pittsburgh and a youngster came to see him, professing to speak to an office that could gracefully substitution laborers. The guest to Frick was really a Russian revolutionary, Alexander Berkman, who had been living in New York City and who had no association with the association. Berkman constrained his way into Fricks office and shot him twice, about slaughtering him. Frick endure the death endeavor, however the occurrence was utilized to ruin the association and the American work development by and large. The episode turned into an achievement in U.S. work history, alongside the Haymarket Riot and the 1894 Pullman Strike. Carnegie Succeeded in Keeping the Union Out of His Plants The Pennsylvania state army (like todays National Guard) assumed control over the Homestead Plant and non-association strikebreakers were acquired to work. In the end, with the association broken, a large number of the first laborers came back to the plant. Pioneers of the association were arraigned, yet juries in western Pennsylvania neglected to convict them. While the brutality had been occurring in western Pennsylvania, Andrew Carnegie had been off in Scotland, dodging the press at his home. Carnegie would later guarantee that he had little to do with the viciousness at Homestead, however his cases were met with wariness, and his notoriety for being a reasonable manager and humanitarian was incredibly discolored. What's more, Carnegie succeeded in keeping associations out of his plants.

The Modern Rules of the Memo (With Examples)

The Modern Rules of the Memo (With Examples) Whether its called a business memorandum, memoranda, or memo, it is a common form of business communication when the information to be disseminated is informal and not private. According to Business Etiquette for Dummies, 2nd Edition, If you have something confidential to communicate, dont do it in a memo.The purpose of your memoMemos are the typical form of communication used within companies and organizations. Most will be limited to a few paragraphs, but some memos may be longer, depending on their purpose and messaging.In general, a memo is used:to inform others within the company on changes in policies, directives, or procedures.to announce changes in leadership, management structure, team divisions, or workflow.to disseminate information pertaining to meetings and events held within the organization.to introduce new employees, divisions, clients, etc.The format of your memoThe most typical format of interoffice memos is as follows:Heading: (usually MEMORANDUM or MEMO in all cap s, centered, although this format is not required and can vary based on organizational style guides.)To: (Who or which department gets it)From: (Who or which department sent it)Date: (When it was sent)Subject: (Briefly, what its about)(A line generally separates the header from the content, as shown above.)Your introductory paragraph should quickly orient the reader to what the memo is about and how it pertains to them or their department. It should be written succinctly, with as few words as possible to convey the needed message. The rule of thumb is tight, informative sentences.For the body, here are a few pointers:If there are tasks that need to be completed related to the subject of the memo, those can be detailed in the body of the memo.Keep in mind that bullet points are a great way to present most information in a way that can be easily scanned and understood by the reader.Its easier for the human eye to read bullet points than long, overly complicated paragraphs.Include the important details but if there are complex details involved, direct readers to another document (a memo is not really the place for that).Memo example 1MEMORANDUMTo: All departmentsFrom: Dan Lumberg, CEODate: October 1, 2018Subject: Internet use on company timeThis is to remind all employees that Internet use on company time is prohibited. Please refrain from checking your personal email, social media accounts, or messaging platforms while on the clock, unless it is on your break time or lunch time.As noted in the employee handbook, section 2.4., all employees are responsible for:Using on-the-clock hours for company projects only.Limiting their online interactions while on the clock to clients and fellow employees within the company.Applying their break or lunch-time hours to any time spent reading personal email, personal social media accounts, or messages sent for personal use.As always, we appreciate the time and effort you put into all that you do at XYZ Corp and trust that our employees will maintain professional standards at all times while on the clock. If you have questions or concerns about these company policies, please direct them to Megan Smith at ext. 1208.Best regards,Dan Lumberg, CEOMemo example 2MEMORANDUMTo: Executive assistants, all departmentsFrom: Jon BeakerDate: October 1, 2018Subject: Attaching cover sheets to all outgoing faxesIm sending this memo to inform you of recent changes in company procedure related to faxes sent out. We have a new standard cover sheet (Form 12E) that should be used in all outgoing fax transmissions and the old one (Form 12D) should be recycled or discarded.The new cover sheet includes our new company address, along with a legal statement that is required to be attached to all outgoing fax transmissions. Without the use of this new cover sheet, we run the risk of falling out of compliance with our legal directives.This might seem like a small matter but I assure you, it is extremely important. I suggest that you immediately recycle or discard all the old fax cover sheets to avoid confusion. If there are any questions, please contact me at extension 101.Best regards,Jon Beaker

Health Plan For Increase Expenditure - 898 Words

There are a number of products and initiatives being used by health plans to control expenditures and maintain market competitiveness. Recent slowing in health expenditures has largely been due to price changes, a shift from inpatient to outpatient care, and increased coverage. However, here I will focus on operational changes within the health plan that can be made to decrease expenditures. I will discuss how investing in disease management programs, wellness incentives, and value-based insurance design now can be used to control rising healthcare expenditures in the future while adding value for consumers. I will also discuss the challenges involved with implementing these initiatives. Disease Management Programs: Background A small portion of the patient population accounts for a disproportionate amount of health care expenditures primarily due to chronic illness (Shelton, 2002). Because of this, and the overall rise in healthcare costs, stakeholders have been searching for ways to target this small but expensive group of people. One way is through disease management programs. It is a common belief that education and preventive measures make it easier to manage chronic illness and reduce adverse outcomes including lengthy hospitalizations (Shelton, 2002). Although these programs are fairly new and there isn’t much data to support or refute their success, this is an area worth exploring to potentially curve skyrocketing healthcare expenditures. Cost Control MethodShow MoreRelatedIndia s Government Expenditure On Health1322 Words   |  6 PagesLanka was 64.7% and 45.6% of total expenditure on health, while that of India in the same year was only 17.3%. 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Then, hard and soft benefits of projects vary depending on the for-profit and not-for-profit organization. The soft benefit also known as (qualitative data) is most useful for when a project team wishes toRead MoreHcs 440 Economics : the Financing of Healthcare1633 Words   |  7 Pageshealthcare expenditures and to determine if we as Americans are spending too much on healthcare. The author of this paper will provide examples and solutions where we as a nation should add or cut from the healthcare expenditures. This paper will also detail how the general publics healthcare needs are being paid for, the biggest economic healthcare challenge, why the challenge should be addressed, and how this challenge to be financed. The current level of national healthcare expenditures Read MoreFinancing Issues Of Prescription Drugs1633 Words   |  7 Pageseconomy. While the health care industry continues to grow, transformational changes also continue to enforce change in its organizational structure. 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Manitoba’s pharma-care program is based on theRead MoreEssay on The Underlying Dynamics of Health Care Spending 1442 Words   |  6 Pagespay for health care, and it is not getting any cheaper. With the baby boomers getting older the population is going to need health care now more than ever. The hospital stays, the procedures and surgeries, long-term care, the doctor and dentist visits, the medical supplies, and medications are hardly affordable. How will we pay for it and how much will we have to pay? Where will the money come from? Citizens, businesses, and the government are paying more and more for health care. Health care as

Postnatal Depression ( Pnd ) Essay - 1295 Words

Postnatal depression (PND) is an isolating and debilitating mental health disorder that effects an estimated 13-15% of new mothers within one year post-delivery (CDC, 2008; Gaynes et al., 2005). PND can be experienced as a vast array of symptoms such as anhedonia, excessive crying, mixed anxious mood, sleep disturbance, and even suicidality (Kantrowitz-Gordon, 2013). Further, mothers with PND typically report difficulty bonding with their infant and a reduced ability to express love and warmth (Letourneau et al., 2012; Paulson, Dauber Leiferman, 2006). Occasionally, the mother has thoughts and images associated with hurting herself or her baby (NEED REFERENCE). Women who experience PND may experience confusion and shame, as their experience is contrary to the ascribed social role of motherhood which depicts an effortless, natural experience expected to bring joy. Qualitative research suggests that women with PND universally report fear of stigma, especially the stigma of being label ed a bad mother. This fear can lead to denial of symptoms and avoidance of help seeking behavior (Bilszta, Ericksen, Buist, Milgrom, 2008). Women are even reluctant to disclose distress to significant others and family members (Bilszta et al., 2008). Further, women seem to have minimal accurate education about PND and when to seek medical services (Bilszta et al., 2008). Women with PND are at-risk and vulnerable to experiencing both social and self-stigmatization. Stigma in Mental HealthShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Postpartum Depression ( Ppd )1479 Words   |  6 PagesSummary of Study Sword, Busser, Ganann, McMillan, Swinton (2008) questioned women’s experiences in regards to seeking care for probable postpartum depression (PPD) following a referral from the visiting public health nurse. 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The search strategy adopted for this study can be broken down into several steps. The key concepts and terminologies for the study were identified. The synonyms of the terms were then determined which were also included within the search terms. Boolean operators were the chosen search features. Databases from whichRead MoreAntenatal Notes On Prenatal Care1247 Words   |  5 Pageshappen to her the doctors would have the correct information. The hospital and midwife may have duplicate copies. By 28 weeks, the hospital will expect the mother to have a bed booked for a hospital delivery. Postnatal Care: NCT http://www.nct.org.uk/postnatal-care State that, â€Å"The quality of postnatal care provided to women and families in the first days and weeks after birth can have a significant impact on their experience of the transition to parenthood.† The needs of the mother and her family determineRead MorePublic Health Essay example4148 Words   |  17 Pagespost-natal depression following birth of her first child, now two years old .On the new birth visit with her second child she had also showed signs and symptoms of feeling loss, low self-esteem and anxiety. On the day of the visit I and my mentor found Jenny very angry, anxious and not very happy with our presence there .Moreover Jenny avoided eye contact and seemed not interested and subsequently not eager to communicate. 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Well, shes all over the place these days. Emotionally, I mean. One minute, shes on top of things - coping fine. The next, shes cranky and irritable. One simple conversation can turn into a huge fight, just likeRead MorePhysiological And Behavioral Effects Of Early Life Stress Essay1724 Words   |  7 Pagesability to delineate the mechanisms and structures that are affected during postnatal exposure to chronic stress has the potential to provide invaluable insight into the development of a multitude of neuropsychiatric disorders. While we have come to understand a few of the mechanisms involved in many of these illnesses – such as the significance of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neurotransmitter in many depression cases – the complex nature of these disorders and our ability to effectively

Als Doctor and Auntie Pele Free Essays

Why chose AL S: Have you ever heard of a disease that can’t be figure out? When the doctors don’t know how people would get it? Do we really know how to cure it? So many questions we have about things, but we can’t figure it out†¦ It was a sad day for my whole family last year and it’s because someone REALLY REALLY important to our family has passed away. It all start about when my auntie Peel was 30 and she owned her own business in American Samoa, Then one day she felt a weird tingle feeling in her hands, so she went to the doctor to check it out†¦ Later that day the doctor told her it was nothing. So the next day she was working like usual and she noticed that she couldn’t move her right arm, so she Went to the doctor to check it Out, and like the doctor said before, â€Å"it was nothing’ then told her not to worry about the whole thing. We will write a custom essay sample on Als: Doctor and Auntie Pele or any similar topic only for you Order Now The following weeks, her arm didn’t improve and she became more worried. She visited the hospital again, she told them her arm had not improved. They ran a bunch of test, through some blood, and even did a cat scan on her brain. They told her later that they still couldn’t find anything wrong. So she BEGGED them to transfer her to a hospital in Hawaii that could help her, in a ewe months, she traveled to Kaiser Hospital in Hawaii. Where she underwent more test. It lasted a few weeks, and the news they gave her wasn’t good at all. They told her that the test they ran found out that she had ALAS or Lou Geris disease and it’s also known as. This name was given to the disease after a famous baseball player of the same name. They only gave her only 7 years to live. These doctors didn’t know my Auntie Peel – she was strong willed, stubborn, and full of life. My auntie actually lived for 28 MORE YEARS, and for 10 years she was bed redden. How to cite Als: Doctor and Auntie Pele, Papers

Leadership and Clinical Governance-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Clinical Governance. Answer: Introduction The assignment is the part of learning leadership and clinical governance. A critical role is played by the nurses in identifying and responding to changes in the health status of the patient. It is the role of the registered nurse to prevent adverse events and support the patients throughout the care. A variety of leadership skills are required to be cultivated to ensure patient safety. One of these skills is to identify and mange the patient risk to safety. The aim of the assignment is to examine and critically disuses the evidence related to the impact of effective communication on maintaining patient safety. Further, the assignment presents the reflection on an incident where the patient safety was identified at risk as a result of ineffective communication. The discussion in the reflection is based on the role of the registered nurse as the leader in risk management. Critical analysis Patient safety is considered a public health issue. Communication is considered a crucial factor in the patient care process. According to Brock et al. (2013), communication between the physicians, patients, nurses, and other care providers is vital for care process. Adverse events were recorded in the last decade as a result of the miscommunication between the heath care professionals. Medical errors have been reported in several countries such as Australia, US and others that were severe and fatal. It was estimated by the World Health Organisation or WHO that 10% of all the hospital admitted people suffer damage due to care process (Wittich et al., 2014). Amongst all the adverse events one third of them are found to result from the human errors. As per the literature review these errors are preventable and can be prevented by effective communication. It can be interpreted that effective communication enhances the patient care and it plays a vital role. In the book, critical conversation for patient safety: an essential guide for health professionals edited by Tracy Levett-Jones, a greater emphasis has been laid on therapeutic communication. There is a need of therapeutic communication between patients and the health professionals. However, the focus is now extended to include communication between the health care providers. The author of the book also emphasise on addressing the critical relationship between the patent safety and communication. Patient safety is enhanced by the critical conversation as it bridges the gap between the care providers and the care users (Levett-Jones, 2017). It means that effective communication is critical not only between the health care professionals and the patients but also among the health care professionals. It ensures better sharing of the health status of the patient with other specialists and physicians in the interdisciplinary team. According to Levett-Jones Bourgeois (2015), therapeutic an d the interpersonal communication was found to satisfy the innate needs of the patients. It includes the feelings of safety and confidence during the treatment as outlined in the Maslows hierarchy of needs. There are many evidences that effective communication ensures the patient safety. The SBAR system was developed for eliminating the simple communication error in the health care. This system stands for situation, background, assessment and recommendations. It is the information transfer system between the nurse and doctor in concise manner. This tool is used during the medical handover in the intensive care unit. This system was found to improve the communication between the health care providers and enhanced the patient safety. However, the tool is criticised in terms of lack of awareness among the patient and difficulty for nurses in communicating the sensitive issues to the patient (Randmaa et al., 2014). It can be interpreted from the literature review that there are more advantages than disadvantages of SBAR in ensuring the patient safety. It can be concluded from such system that effective communication is challenged by the coexistence of inter-personal, intra-personal and organisational dynamics. Other structured communication tool used for improving the hand offs and the communication across the organisation is group rounds and the briefings. Group rounds involve visiting of the whole care team to the patient to dscuss and communicate the heakth status. Briefings set the tone for the open communication. It improves the collaboration as the team members discuss to identify the patient risks. Briefing and debriefing are useful before and after the process is over (Johnson et al., 2015). This effective communication tools have helped in reducing the medication error and enhanced the patient safety. Effective communication enhances the safe care and team work among the health care professionals. In unsafe situation the use of common critical language among the care providers helped to create an environment where the patient could share their concerns. Application of the briefings in the surgical setting ensured high reliability perinatal care as per Lyndon et al., (2011). Effect ive communication can help make positive changes in the environment, meet the language needs of the patients, which aids in providing support and understanding in the workplace. This is also evident from the modern tools like telehealth and telemedicine that have improved the health care access and quick sharing of the patent information and management of risks immediately (Lyngstad et al., 2013). Overall the impact of effective communication in the health care setting is positive and was found to have postie outcomes in the patients. It helps the patients in the vulnerable situation to feel safe, respected and secure. Therapeutic communication ensures individualised care, and better sharing of the concerns by the patients, increase the patient satisfaction and safety. Reflection Refection is the process of learning from mistakes and makes better decisions. In health care system reflection helps in healing and therapeutic process (Tashiroe et al., 2013). I was placed in the mental health setting where I have diagnosed him with Schizophrenia. While I was conducting the mini mental settle exam I realised that he was answering irrelevantly. The other nurse in the room rebuked him for his behaviour which made the patient more aggressive. I realised that the patient was at risk of physical harm due to lack of empathy and emotional abuse by other nose in the wards. The patient needed effective verbal and nonverbal communication as the ineffective communication has shattered the nurse patient relationship. I could observe a gap formed and the patient concerns were not addressed. I was determined to adhere to the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australias nursing standards of registered nurse. I approached to the patient once again and continued with my examination. I engaged with him in therapeutic relationship. I was critically analysing his symptoms with the evidence based information (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). The patient shared that he does not feel like living. I was aware of the accountability of my practice. I also responded to the other nurses capability for practice to prevent harm to any other patient by emotional abuse. I ensured conducting the assessment of the patient with holistic and culturally appropriate approach. I planned for actions that were ethical and goal directed and evaluated the outcomes on a timely basis (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). As a part of my leadership imitative I conveyed the other nurse about her poor nursing management, communication error and insufficient training evident from such behaviour. My aim was to increase the supervision to prevent such ineffective communication by carers. According to Laschinger (2014) lack of supervision and workplace mistreatment is the barrier to effective communication. Mental health is likely to be devastated by the communication flaws (Varcarolis, 2016). I realised that therapeutic communication allowed the patent to share his feelings and concerns. My leadership role helped me mange the risk of physical harm in the patient. I tried to improve my colleagues and my weak points by collecting feedbacks in the workplace. As a registered nurse I have emphasised on empathy, awareness and active listening skills to manage the risk as per Lyndon et al. (2011). My role aligned with the transformational leadership. As per Hutchinson Jackson (2013), transformational nurse leaders should be full partners with the health professionals in redesigning the health care and be accountable for their contributions towards high quality care. It also emphasises that nurse leaders must transform the new research findings to the practice environment. Engaging in therapeutic communication was evidenced based option that led to positive options. I had collaborated with other team members for improving the quality of care of the patient which was the key strategy of leadership in collaborative environment (Ryan et al., 2015). My leadership skills were strong as per Reem et al. (2014) as my strategies wee based on evidence and experience and also mutually respected others opinions. Though the patient was taking long time to recover, he was out of risk of physical harm. Conclusion Health care is the complex system and effective communication can prevent the medical errors, disruptions and save patient lives. Registered nurses are frontline carers of the patient; they have the opportunity to make improvement in the communication system as it is the fundamental component of the patient safety. It can be concluded from the above discussion that effective communication leads to positive outcomes of the patients. Therefore, it is worth the time and investment of the health care providers and the organisation. Nurse may commit error in communication skills. To sustain the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship effective communication and leadership skills are required by registered nurse. Transformational leadership is the effective leadership style in addressing the communication barrier in health care and enhancing the patient safety. References Brock, D., Abu-Rish, E., Chiu, C. R., Hammer, D., Wilson, S., Vorvick, L., ... Zierler, B. (2013). Interprofessional education in team communication: working together to improve patient safety.BMJ Qual Saf,22(5), 414-423. Hutchinson, M., Jackson, D. (2013). Transformational leadership in nursing: towards a more critical interpretation.Nursing inquiry,20(1), 11-22. Johnson, C., Carta, T. R. I. C. I. A., Throndson, K. (2015). Communicate with me: information exchanges between nurses.Can Nurse,3, 24-7. Laschinger, H. K. S. (2014). Impact of workplace mistreatment on patient safety risk and nurse-assessed patient outcomes.Journal of Nursing Administration,44(5), 284-290. Levett-Jones, T. (2017).Critical conversations for patient safety: an essential guide for health professionals - Version details.Trove. Retrieved 30 November 2017, from https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/182790573?qsort=holdings+desc_=1512013127960versionId=212201920 Levett-Jones, T., Bourgeois, S. (2015).The Clinical Placement-E-Book: An Essential Guide for Nursing Students. Elsevier Health Sciences. Lyngstad, M., Melby, L., Grimsmo, A., Helles, R. (2013). Toward increased patient safety? Electronic communication of medication information between nurses in home health care and general practitioners.Home Health Care Management Practice,25(5), 203-211. Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Fact Sheets.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 30 November 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/FAQ.aspx Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 30 November 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx Randmaa, M., Mrtensson, G., Swenne, C. L., Engstrm, M. (2014). SBAR improves communication and safety climate and decreases incident reports due to communication errors in an anaesthetic clinic: a prospective intervention study.BMJ open,4(1), e004268. Reem, A. D., Kitsantas, P., Maddox, P. J. (2014). The impact of residency programs on new nurse graduates' clinical decision-making and leadership skills: A systematic review.Nurse Education Today,34(6), 1024-1028. Ryan, R. W., Harris, K. K., Mattox, L., Singh, O., Camp, M., Shirey, M. R. (2015). Nursing leader collaboration to drive quality improvement and implementation science.Nursing administration quarterly,39(3), 229-238. Tashiro, J., Shimpuku, Y., Naruse, K., Matsutani, M. (2013). Concept analysis of reflection in nursing professional development.Japan Journal of Nursing Science,10(2), 170-179. Varcarolis, E. M. (2016).Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing-E-Book: A Communication Approach to Evidence-Based Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. Wittich, C. M., Burkle, C. M., Lanier, W. L. (2014, August). Medication errors: an overview for clinicians. InMayo Clinic Proceedings(Vol. 89, No. 8, pp. 1116-1125). Elsevier

The Road Not Taken An Interpretaion Of Robert F Essay Example For Students

The Road Not Taken An Interpretaion Of Robert F Essay rosts Poem Do not follow where the path may leadGo instead where there is no path and leave a trail. -Robert Frost Everyone is a traveler, choosing the road to follow on the map of his journey, life. There is never a straight path that leaves one with a sole direction in which to head. Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, The Road Not Taken, has left its readers with many different interpretations. It is ones past, present, and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines light that he will see the poem in. We will write a custom essay on The Road Not Taken An Interpretaion Of Robert F specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In any case, this poem clearly demonstrates Frosts belief that it is the road a person chooses that makes him the man he is. Frost says, and sorry I could not travel both It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on. There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made. The knowledge that in one lifetime it is impossible to travel down every path is upsetting to some people. In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler looks down one as far as I could. The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life. As much as he may strain his eyes to see what is down the road, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never really see where the road is going to lead. The path that he chooses will set him off on his journey and decide where he is going. Then took the other, just as fair, and having perhaps the better claim. What made it have the better claim is that it was grassy and wanted wear. It was something obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path. Therefore, he calls it the road less traveled by. The fact that the traveler took this path over the more popular is a clear indicator as to his character. He is very secure and doesnt necessarily need to follow the crowd but would rather do his own thing. He wants to do what has never been done, what is new and different. And both that morning equally lat in leaves no step had trodden black. The leaves had covered the ground and since the time they had fallen no on had traveled on this road. Perhaps Frost does this because each time a person comes to the point where they have to make a choice, it is new to them. It is somewhere they have never been and they tend to fell as though no one else had ever been there either. I kept the first for another day! The desire to travel down both paths is not unusual, but knowing how way leads on to way, the speaker realizes that the decision is not just a temporary one and he doubted if I should ever come back. This is his common sense speaking and acknowledging that what he chooses now will affect every other choice he makes later on in his life. Once he has done something or spoken a word that indicates who he really is, there is no turning back, in cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem regret hangs over the traveler. He realizes that at the end of his life, somewhere ages and ages hence, he will have the regrets about having never gone back and traveling the road he did not take. .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .postImageUrl , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:hover , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:visited , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:active { border:0!important; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:active , .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u13f3c1b42c49eef4cb38e68d436db41e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: U.S Postal Service As a Monopoly Essay Yet, he remains proud of his decision and recognizes that it was this path that he chose which helped him live the life he did. I took the road less traveled by and that has made all the difference. To this man, the most important thing was that he did not have to follow the crowd and could stand independent and travel down the road he really wanted to. If he had not, he would not be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this .

Free Essays on Modern Literature

The Lost Art of Short Story Telling A short story is, by definition â€Å"an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot† (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary). Short stories contain certain elements, which consist of the following: plot, characters, theme and setting. In addition, the Short story is told from a specific point of view. All the elements of a short story are used in a specific way in order to comment on a part of our lives as members in a collective society. In order to have a story there must be a series of circumstances known as a plot. A plot is a causal sequence of events, the "why" for the things that happen in the story. The plot brings the reader into the character's lives and gives the reader a better understanding of the character. A plot's structure is the way in which the story elements are arranged. Writers vary structure depending on the needs of the story. Plot consists of exposition, conflict, complication, climax, and resolution. Short stories always have all the plot elements in them. First we have exposition which is the introductory information. Second there is conflict which is the introduction of the problem. Then we have the complication which is the tension builder of the story. Following the complication is the climax which is the highest point of action and is the turning point in the story. Resolution is the final piece of the puzzle and it is the result of the story or also called denouement. The next element to the short story is the characters. Characters are the people or things that the story is about. All main characters have significance to the story. These characters, their actions, personalities and values reflect and help illustrate the sole purpose of the story. Maupassant developed an array of different characters such as aristocrats, nuns ... Free Essays on Modern Literature Free Essays on Modern Literature The Lost Art of Short Story Telling A short story is, by definition â€Å"an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot† (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary). Short stories contain certain elements, which consist of the following: plot, characters, theme and setting. In addition, the Short story is told from a specific point of view. All the elements of a short story are used in a specific way in order to comment on a part of our lives as members in a collective society. In order to have a story there must be a series of circumstances known as a plot. A plot is a causal sequence of events, the "why" for the things that happen in the story. The plot brings the reader into the character's lives and gives the reader a better understanding of the character. A plot's structure is the way in which the story elements are arranged. Writers vary structure depending on the needs of the story. Plot consists of exposition, conflict, complication, climax, and resolution. Short stories always have all the plot elements in them. First we have exposition which is the introductory information. Second there is conflict which is the introduction of the problem. Then we have the complication which is the tension builder of the story. Following the complication is the climax which is the highest point of action and is the turning point in the story. Resolution is the final piece of the puzzle and it is the result of the story or also called denouement. The next element to the short story is the characters. Characters are the people or things that the story is about. All main characters have significance to the story. These characters, their actions, personalities and values reflect and help illustrate the sole purpose of the story. Maupassant developed an array of different characters such as aristocrats, nuns ...

Madness and Insanity in A rose for Emily Research Paper

Madness and Insanity in A rose for Emily - Research Paper Example The short story also, in addition, puts an emphasis on the long history of adamant societal limitations and restrictions that are set down on females, which became another factor for her suppression. Furthermore, the Griersons showed a refusal to concede to the changing times. They remained stuck in the past of their wealth and nobility that fueled the story’s plot. According to a journal written by John Skinner, Emily represented "a refusal to submit to, or concede, the inevitability of change." (Skinner 42) All in all, these subthemes altogether play a bigger role in its distressing representation of uncharacteristic mental behavior and implications that are displayed in the dark secluded demesne of Emily Grierson. The restrictions and limitations insisted on on the young aristocrat, along with the refusal to change, caused her to be extremely secluded and isolated from the rest of the world around her and later on, instigated her apparent psychological instability. Emily Gr ierson is the archetypal outcast that hides her true identity away from the society; locking herself into the house that symbolized the august Old South and that clearly represented the idleness of Emily’s life as everyone else was progressing and moving forward. The house, which shelters Emily from the community, becomes a strong evidence of the woman’s withdrawn mentality. The house plays an important role in the short story because not only does it indicate Emily’s mental condition, it also becomes a facade of the living past for which Emily is trapped inside and it is only in her passing away that the entire society is given the opportunity to gain access and view of what Emily has been doing alone in that house for years since her father’s death. When the house is finally opened up, it confirms what the people in the neighborhood had been observing and presuming about her. What occurred inside of that house strongly showed the progressive insanity th at encroached her life as she lived alone, separated from the outside. Indeed, her tragic and forced isolation and reclusion in that house could have caused the madness that destroyed her. Stuart Grassin’s journal gives a psychiatric explanation for this. It is written that when one is secluded and experience intense monotony, â€Å"after a time, the individual becomes increasingly incapable of processing external stimuli, and often becomes â€Å"hyperresponsive† to such stimulation. For example, a sudden noise or the flashing of a light jars the individual from his stupor and becomes intensely unpleasant. Over time the very absence of stimulation causes whatever stimulation is available to become noxious and irritating. Individuals in such a stupor tend to avoid any stimulation, and withdraw progressively into themselves and their own mental fog.† (Grassin 327) Emily’s father played a very important role in the story as he was the man who mainly controll ed most of Emily’ life and decided for her while he was still alive. As written in the story, the people â€Å"had long thought of them as a tableau, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front door.†

Biotic Interactions in Plant Communities presentation Speech or

Biotic Interactions in Plant Communities - Speech or Presentation Example EXTINCTION ESTIMATES MADE IN THE 1990s  Due to Deforestation (Karkee, 2004). Estimate and Method of estimation % Global Loss per decade 10 million sp. Annual Loss 30 million sp. Annual Loss Source 0.2-0.3% annually based on tropical deforestation rate of 1% annually 2-3% 20,000-30,000 60,000-90,000 Wilson (1989, 1993) 2-13% loss between 1990 and 2015 using species area curve and increasing deforestation rates 0.8-5.2% 8,000-52,000 24,000-156,000 Reid (1992) Loss of half the species in the area likely to be deforested by 2015 8.3% 83,000 250,000 Raven (1988) Fitting exponential extinction functions based on IUCN red data books 0.6-5% 6,000-50,000 18,000-150,000 Mace (1994) Colombia and the Amazon Basin is a good example of deforestation and the impacts are evident as per the effects described below. One of the regions that have been greatly influenced by deforestation is the Amazon Basin. Tree felling in the Amazon is much greater compared to any other region of the world. The Amazo n tropical forest, which approximately account for 2,488,642 square miles, lost fifteen percent of its forest cover in1970 alone (Naik, 2010). For example, Brazil, which is a residence to about one-thirds of the tropical forests of the world, has been incurring an average loss of 21,536 square miles of forest cover yearly, over the last few years (Olsen, 2009). Deforestation and the consequences on biodiversity interactions In areas of intense deforestation, there exists alterations in microclimate and change in plant reproduction, biological structure and animal distribution, among many other aspects of the forest. Climate change due to overexploitation of forests and plant communities results into loss of biodiversity both the flora and fauna. Climate change causes rise in temperature and low moisture availability in the affected regions and even spreads out (Eade, 2011). Due to the change in climate, there emerges simultaneous increase in the occurrence of fires which actively de stroy the plant communities. Forests assist to uphold the temperature at a low level and avert it from rising. In the deficiency of forest, the earth surface radiates all the heat that the atmosphere does not absorb but instead hit the earth’s surface. Such heat combined with an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide leads to an increase in the atmospheric temperature (Haldar, 2011). Average species lost compared to deforestation rates (Eade, 2011). Climate change emanates into harsh conditions that can easily results into extinction of some animal and epiphytes community. A good example is the scenario whereby, Mycchorizal fungal interactions between plants and the fungi are affected. These two have a symbiotic relationship. In sustaining base level of supply of food, rain forests depend on the microbe’s action of decaying and rotting. In the event that forest cover is reduced, the fungi have less survival rates since they depend on trees for both habitat and food (Haldar, 2011). The impact of deforestation leads to changes in aquatic systems through excessive evaporations. The salinity level increases and the temperature becomes unbearable hence, habitat of the aquatic flora and fauna compromised. Excessive carbon IV oxide due to deforestation also chokes the flora and fauna that are found in the aquatic ecosystem hence reduction of the species that are not best suited for this environment for example, algae

What Causes The Greenhouse Effect Environmental Sciences Essay

What Causes The Greenhouse Effect Environmental Sciences Essay Global warming is an ecological problem that is currently believed to be affecting the Earths environment. Global warming is the gradual increase of the Earths atmospheric temperature. It is caused by the Greenhouse Effect, which is the investment of heat in Earths atmosphere by particular gases, like carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). This containment of the gases holds the heat in the Earths atmosphere because it allows the light from the sun to pass through, but it absorbs the heat exuded back from the Earths surface. Cellular respiration contributes to the problem of global warming, because through its processes it takes in oxygen gas and then exhales carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis helps to prevent this problem, though, because it does the opposite of cellular respiration; it takes in carbon dioxide and then yields oxygen gas (O2). Cellular respiration is the process of oxidizing certain food molecules, like glucose, to produce carbon dioxide and water. There are three main processes within cellular respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Each process plays a significant role in harvesting energy from the food molecules and producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is a high energy molecule that is used for energy consuming activities throughout cells. Cellular respiration takes place in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, as well. Glycolysis is the catabolism of carbohydrates by specific enzymes with the discharge of energy and manufacture of pyruvic (or lactic) acid. It occurs in the cytosol of a cell, unlike the other two processes of cellular respiration. Glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen, which is called fermentation, but since this procedure doesnt yield a high amount of energy it isnt as practical as the aerobic process. Glycolysis phosphorylates the glucose by adding two phosphates to the molecule at the expense of two ATP molecules; the glucose is then split into two 3-carbon compounds, and the 3-carbon molecules go through a series of different steps to produce pyruvate. Acetyl-CoA is fashioned from the pyruvate, which then enters the second process of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle. Unlike glycolysis, the Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of a cell. The Krebs cycle is a series of processes that entirely oxidizes the Acetyl-CoA molecule. The cycle must be completed two times to yield four carbon dioxide molecules, six NADH molecules, two ATP molecules, and two FADH2 molecules. The Krebs cycle requires oxygen to be present to occur, making it aerobic. The procedure following the Krebs cycle is the electron transport chain, which consists of a series of special enzyme proteins that shuttle electrons from NADH to a terminal electron acceptor, such as oxygen (McGraw-Hill, 2006). Through a series of redox reactio ns, a gradient is formed, and, moreover, ATP is produced. All of these processes demonstrate the inner workings of cellular respiration, and show how it uses oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. The exhalation of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration is mixed into the air, adding to the already present amount within the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a main ingredient for greenhouse gas, which helps to not allow heat to escape from the Earths atmosphere. As long as living organisms undergo respiration (the metabolism of sugars to produce energy for basic metabolic needs), or as organisms die and decompose, carbon compounds are going to be broken down and are going to add CO2  to the atmosphere (Barbalace, 2006). Photosynthesis has quite the opposite effect. By dictionary definition, photosynthesis is the  synthesis  of  organic  compounds  from  carbon dioxide and water (with the release of oxygen) using light energy absorbed by chlorophyll. The overall reaction that occurs during photosynthesis is that six water molecules are added to six carbon dioxide molecules to yield glucose and six oxygen molecules. Photosynthesis usually occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Carbon dioxide enters the leaves of plants through stomata, which are minuscule  orifices in  the  epidermis  of  leaves, and oxygen gas exits out of the same passageway. There are two main parts of photosynthesis, the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. The former requires light to operate, while the latter are light independent, or dark, reactions. In the light dependent reactions, the energy received from light is changed into energy that is carried by electrons; the electrons are then pi cked up by  electron transport systems,  that use the energy to produce ATP and another molecule called NADPH. Those two products are used in the next process of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle. In this cycle, carbon dioxide is integrated into a five carbon molecule that is called ribulose biphosphate (RuBP), and then in a series of chemical reactions, hydrogens and electrons from the NADPH are progressively added to form an uncomplicated, energy rich, phosphorylated carbohydrate called GP3, or PGAL (Decelles, 2002). These products are then used to make glucose, among other carbohydrates. This displays how photosynthesis rearranges the atoms of carbon dioxide molecules and water molecules to create new carbohydrates, which plants then use to supply their cells with energy. Photosynthesis converts the raw materials of CO2 and H2O into oxygen gas, which benefits the atmosphere and helps to slow down global warming. It recycles the carbon dioxide cellular respiration emits into a molecule that is no longer a greenhouse gas constituent. Global warming itself is an extremely controversial topic. A few believe that it does not pose a real problem, although quite a lot of believe that it does. Global warming is the assertion that the environment of Earth is slowly heating up, and as a result, the organisms inhabiting it will eventually be dramatically affected. The Greenhouse Effect is what occurs when heat is trapped, and increases when more heat energy is supplemented. When talking about global warming, the greenhouse effect is set in the parameter of Earths atmosphere. The greenhouse effect occurs planet wide when solar radiation either bounces off of or is radiated forth from the Earth, and instead of passing through the atmosphere and outward into space, is absorbed by all kinds of extra amounts of and extraneous gases and particles (The Greenhouse Effect, 2010). Cellular respiration contributes to the extraneous gases, while photosynthesis helps to prevent the growing amounts, although other sources of carbon dio xide are decreasing the photosynthetic reactions affect. At one point, the pollution of carbon dioxide from cellular respiration and the conversion of carbon dioxide into oxygen gas were seemingly equal. A sort of equilibrium was reached between the two processes, with photosynthesis appearing to cancel out the outwardly harmful effects of cellular respiration. As of recently, though, manmade pollution has been affecting our atmosphere, adding more carbon dioxide into the ozone along with that emitted from cellular respiration. The primary cause of global warming is carbon dioxide emissions; carbon dioxide is being pumped into our atmosphere at an alarmingly face pace; eight billion tons of carbon dioxide entered the air just last year.   (Causes of Global Warming, 2010). It does not help that trees are being chopped down for logging, development, and other purposes, so there is less carbon dioxide being removed from the atmosphere, causing its levels to rise. There is more carbon dioxide being released into the air than is being convert ed into oxygen through photosynthetic reactions. This unequal release of gasses into the Earths atmosphere is what poses the environmental problem of global warming. The Earth was built to sustain the effects of cellular respiration, but fossil fuels excessively being burned, trees being cut down, and cellular respiration emit too much carbon dioxide for the Earth to recycle.

Personal goal and professional goal Essay

Submit a statement that discusses your career goals, as well as the factors that led you to select the Mid-Career MPA program as a means of furthering your personal and professional goals. Be as specific as possible in describing how your expected course of study will enable you to build on your prior professional experience and achieve these goals (750 word limit). Economic development and welfare of the people are the natural fit with my personality traits from my childhood which allowed me to choose the highest level of Federal Civil Service Examination of India and got selected in this merit based competitive examination. Candidates with different To get the blend of all the fields I was the class monitor up to class 5th; class president from 6th to 11th class to conduct the weekly debates, secretary of the scientific society in college, in Students’ Union at Indian School of Mines, club secretary in Ordnance Factory, and secretary, Residence Welfare Association. I was in National Cadet Corps and Junior Red Cross Society. After completing the schooling and graduation with merit scholarships I joined Indian School of Mines, the premier Institute for Earth science for Masters in applied Geology through national competition. Selected in National Education Test of UGC and with a scholarship from Council for Scientific and Industrial Research I completed M. Phil. Initially, 12 years I have worked in middle level management in various Defence production units mainly in the field of Administration, Industrial Relations, Human Resources, Estate and store. I got one year exposure in policy issues in Higher Technical Education. As the head of Coal Mines provident Fund Organization (CMPFO) for two years, I sought to improve the public service to benefit 7.5 lakh coal workers in the field of provident funds and pensions bringing reforms in a mission mode. SAP ERP was implemented in the organization which was first in govt. department in India. A bench mark was created in engaging multiple Fund Managers leading to transparency and fair competition. I had the exposure of Board level management in Mineral Exploration Corporation limited, a pan India Company as Director. Four years under my leadership, as the country head of computerization at Employees’ Provident Fund Organization (EPFO), the organization transformed from manual environment to fully computerized system. All receipts and payments of PF and pension became online making the life of 50 million poor workers easy removing all paper returns. The interactions are now through web and SMS reducing the footfalls of workers and employers in EPFO offices. 6 years, while working with the Federal Ministers for Water Resources, Rural Development and as the Director in coal ministry of Government of India, I have actively participated in development of macro level policies, its formulation and implementation. To name a few are; the National Water Policy, Land Use Policy for Inclusive Economic Development, Drinking Water and Sanitation, Corporate Social responsibility in coal sector, re-engagement of ex-service personnel in coal transportation, Poverty Eradication through National Rural Employment Guaranty Act to meet the Millennium Development Goal, programme were massive initiatives of the Government. I have played important role in the planning and monitoring of execution of such policy options. Additionally, I have been deeply engaged in my advisory role to the ministers to address the political and other socio-economic development issues of the different political provinces of India. Now I am working in top level management of Ordnance Equipment Factory, a Defence production Unit of India. The Mason program is intended to provide the analytical and leadership skills to implement major social and economic change. It has the sessions on experience sharing, strategic management, communication, and policy decision making. The curriculum also includes the applied economics, quantitative analysis, political institutions and globalisation. My extensive experience in multiple roles in different government departments of India will provide a good fit to contribute during the MPA programme as a Mason Fellow. My in-depth knowledge in important streams of public work will further allow me to perform effectively during my academic work at Harvard. I have credible track record of having developed and fostered enhanced level of partnership and cooperation between the stakeholders engaged in the faster socio-economic growth of India. I have demonstrated leadership skills by initiating several joint institution development activities with government, which all will be honed through a formal exposure to a MPA programme at Harvard. I have dreamt and aspired lately to be a Mason Fellow and would accomplish my personal goals of doing public good with improved knowledge and competence. I seek to join a mid career management course in public administration to sharpen my ideas in consonance with the emerging National and International Economic Scenario. I strongly feel MPA under Mason Programme, would provide me this opportunity to upgrade my capacity and equip me with latest management techniques. As I grow in my career, I would be required to take more responsibility and be associated in major policy making issues in govt. in the country.

The relative importance of the following marketing factors

The relative importance of the following marketing factors in driving product choice: brand, quality, distribution and pricing is commonly defined by a number of varied customer behaviors towards a particular product. Some of these behavioral traits may encompass taste, style, fashion as well as personal trend(s). Good and Service For instance, there are those consumers who would opt to posses a cello phone with such as brand name as Sprint. By examining the basic features of the Sprint, it would be paramount to assert that, they innately captures the consumers imagination and more building a personal touch and class.Thus, it can be argued that, when the consumers purchases this particular brand, he or she is profoundly compelled by the desire to build a personal relationship which is more established by the nature of his preference (Kotler, 1999). Despite the price variations with other brands in the market, also, the brands quality, market eminence as well as its status singularly, the consumer will definitely pay particular attention to the attributes of the given product chosen and it is here that a strong bond between the consumer and the products develops.This infers that, the chosen product will be in a position to provide unmatched services to the user, hence, reinforcing the overall customer-product relationship. Also other influential elements may include; store, buying option, product, package, method of procuring among other market factors. Good Only Basically, when opting to a purchase a particular product or good, there are a number of unforeseen forces that determines which good is to be purchased.Though there are a number of attributes which may compel an individual to consider a particular item, it would be essential to assert that, any purchase is greatly influenced by the desire to build a health relationship with the chosen brand whether be it for immediate use or not. Take for instance; Colt is a brand name that is synonymous with top milit ary experts more so, it is highly linked to professional marksmen. This is due to its qualities which include it loading and recoiling power, weight as well as the length and duration it can be used without jamming.Examining such attributes, it is fundamental to assert that, the market drives the given client to seek a gun that is reliable, also due to the nature of its market status, such aspects as durability, price, brand trust as well as its value makes it a brand of choice among the gun loving clients. Therefore, it can be started that, there are a number of factors which drives a product choice, in case of good, such attributes as product stability, brand, price as well as its quality and this instrumentally have been cited as some of the major factors that are involved in shaping a client-product relationship (Fournier, 2003).As a result, the more a product or a good is steady the more the relationship is sturdy. hence, another profound aspect may be attributed to personal at titudes and outlook change are subjective to consumer(s) individuality and lifestyle towards the given good as well as the source of the given product, hence, an individual may be compelled to be associated with a Colt due to the brand which is market wise renown rather than purchase the new market entrants. Therefore, it would be essential to agree that, customers develop relationships with brands and the implications of this for brand management.Service Only Examining the service only markets, it is essential to assert that, consumers are more than often attracted by the very first impression of the service provided. This infers that, a bond was formed. Consider for instance, a movie fan may get hooked to Paramount pictures productions due to the nature and of the quality of their movies, more so, this can also be due to the quality of their production in terms of theme, plot, storyline as well as how they employ such instruments as sound and visual effects to tell a story in thei r movies.Therefore, despite market influences which may include the scope of pricing as well as the trust developed towards a particular brand, it would be instrumental to argue that there are other factors which may compel a client to go for Paramount pictures instead of other film productions brands such as Warner or Columbia pictures. Some of these factors may entail individual preference making the client-product to go beyond emotionally level (Birger, 2003). ConclusionsA number of diverse elements are singularly influencing the manner the marketing issues of brand relationships and brand communities are being developed. It would be paramount to assert that, where a consumer develops a relationship with a brand, it is likely that, the quality, package, brand or other key aspects may have contributed to such a development. Consider the fact that, such marketing aspects as psychographic and normative characteristics have a profound impact on the manner a customer relates to a prod uct resulting to its purchase or rejection.Marketers have found that, these features have an impact on purchase intentions and these variables include: quality consciousness, deal proneness; value consciousness, attitudes of reference groups and price consciousness (Freeman, 2008). It can be argued that, consumers’ behavioral approach towards an immediate product interest as well as its purchase is in one way influenced by the manner marketers employ strategic promotional aspects in order to build client-product relationship.And this can be attributed to two essential behavior theories pertinent to aspects of marketing: namely utility theory and the theory of reasoned action (Callingham, 2004). References Birger, W (2003). Marketing Strategy . Massachusetts: MIT. Callingham, M. (2004). Market intelligence. NY: OUP. Fournier, S. (2003). Brand relationship . Florida: UMI. Freeman, J. (2008). Products and Branding. TUI. Kotler, P, (1999). Management. NY: OUP.

The Death Of A Loved One - 1482 Words

Loss is a process that everyone must experience in their life. The death of a loved one is an incredibly difficult loss to overcome. The death of a loved one could happen anytime in a person’s life and never becomes easy to cope with. Although everyone must confront this reality, not all cope with their grief in the same manner. One person’s grieving process could differ to another’s with differing variables, such as: length of process, details of loss, manifestations, and severity of grief. People’s grieving processes may slightly differ from one another, but as long as an individual is able to work through it, then they will eventually be able to eventually conquer their grief. The majority of individuals have the ability to overcome the grief from the loss of a loved one, but there is a minority that have complications. It is important to understand how individuals were able to work through their grief and why others were not able to reconcile th e loss of their loved one. Losing a loved one is extremely painful, and pain that one incurs after the loss of a loved one will never disappear, as the individual must learn to live with the pain. This literature review of grief will encompass the assessment of bereavement, grief processes, therapies designed toward bereavement, and the differences in diverse populations. The summarization of this information should lead to a broad understanding of grief after the loss of a loved. The paper will also overview theShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of A Loved One1668 Words   |  7 PagesThe death of a loved one is not something that is easy to live through. For Cheryl Strayed that was no different, but Strayed used it as her driving force at a chance to pursue her dreams as well as an opportunity make her grieving heard. 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